{"_id":"MONDO:0005136","_version":1,"ctd":{"chemical_related_to_disease":[{"cas_registry_number":"86-42-0","chemical_name":"Amodiaquine","direct_evidence":"therapeutic","mesh_chemical_id":"D000655","pubmed":["14717048","19059302","3651930","851793","974497"],"source":"CTD"},{"chemical_name":"amodiaquine, artesunate drug combination","direct_evidence":"therapeutic","mesh_chemical_id":"C515299","pubmed":["17286541","28478157"],"source":"CTD"},{"cas_registry_number":"71963-77-4","chemical_name":"Artemether","direct_evidence":"therapeutic","mesh_chemical_id":"D000077549","pubmed":"15934850","source":"CTD"},{"chemical_name":"artemisinin","direct_evidence":"therapeutic","mesh_chemical_id":"C031327","pubmed":"16919048","source":"CTD"},{"chemical_name":"artemotil","direct_evidence":"therapeutic","mesh_chemical_id":"C055141","pubmed":"19555804","source":"CTD"},{"chemical_name":"Artesunate","direct_evidence":"therapeutic","mesh_chemical_id":"D000077332","pubmed":["15107507","19513562","20144594","20194698","25071004","26340163","28712788"],"source":"CTD"},{"cas_registry_number":"68844-77-9","chemical_name":"Astemizole","direct_evidence":"therapeutic","mesh_chemical_id":"D016589","pubmed":"16816845","source":"CTD"},{"cas_registry_number":"94015-53-9","chemical_name":"Atovaquone","direct_evidence":"therapeutic","mesh_chemical_id":"D053626","pubmed":["10447880","16256055"],"source":"CTD"},{"chemical_name":"atovaquone, proguanil drug combination","direct_evidence":"therapeutic","mesh_chemical_id":"C109496","pubmed":"21735454","source":"CTD"},{"cas_registry_number":"7184-60-3","chemical_name":"borrelidin","direct_evidence":"therapeutic","mesh_chemical_id":"C005066","pubmed":["21343942","23488671","25489076"],"source":"CTD"},{"cas_registry_number":"7440-70-2","chemical_name":"Calcium","direct_evidence":"marker/mechanism","mesh_chemical_id":"D002118","pubmed":"9785681","source":"CTD"},{"chemical_name":"CDRI-97-78","direct_evidence":"therapeutic","mesh_chemical_id":"C574493","pubmed":"23769964","source":"CTD"},{"cas_registry_number":"54-05-7","chemical_name":"Chloroquine","direct_evidence":"therapeutic","mesh_chemical_id":"D002738","pubmed":["1029911","11130385","11675058","12962582","1486619","1665944","17202178","17341043","17667217","18061791","18343736","18720672","1888972","19198858","19393257","19784824","200890","2051527","24781711","2831692","3029852","3371193","457222","4776885","4864652","6335683","6366489","7310924","7325735","7762925","8099690","851793","8772850","9632091"],"source":"CTD"},{"cas_registry_number":"50-63-5","chemical_name":"chloroquine diphosphate","direct_evidence":"therapeutic","mesh_chemical_id":"C023676","pubmed":["1232932","458905","638620"],"source":"CTD"},{"cas_registry_number":"50-53-3","chemical_name":"Chlorpromazine","direct_evidence":"therapeutic","mesh_chemical_id":"D002746","pubmed":"23129054","source":"CTD"},{"cas_registry_number":"85721-33-1","chemical_name":"Ciprofloxacin","direct_evidence":"therapeutic","mesh_chemical_id":"D002939","pubmed":"7596948","source":"CTD"},{"cas_registry_number":"129-03-3","chemical_name":"Cyproheptadine","direct_evidence":"therapeutic","mesh_chemical_id":"D003533","pubmed":"23129054","source":"CTD"},{"cas_registry_number":"80-08-0","chemical_name":"Dapsone","direct_evidence":"therapeutic","mesh_chemical_id":"D003622","pubmed":"18602405","source":"CTD"},{"cas_registry_number":"73736-50-2","chemical_name":"desmethylastemizole","direct_evidence":"therapeutic","mesh_chemical_id":"C040463","pubmed":"16816845","source":"CTD"},{"chemical_name":"Diterpenes, Clerodane","direct_evidence":"therapeutic","mesh_chemical_id":"D045785","pubmed":"20816779","source":"CTD"},{"cas_registry_number":"564-25-0","chemical_name":"Doxycycline","direct_evidence":"therapeutic","mesh_chemical_id":"D004318","pubmed":["12649241","17826578","8619448"],"source":"CTD"},{"cas_registry_number":"37338-39-9","chemical_name":"fanasil, pyrimethamine drug combination","direct_evidence":"therapeutic","mesh_chemical_id":"C001205","pubmed":["15934850","16012293","17617910","18008240","18008241","18008242","20194698","3371193","6335683","7325735"],"source":"CTD"},{"chemical_name":"ferroquine","direct_evidence":"therapeutic","mesh_chemical_id":"C479230","pubmed":"24781711","source":"CTD"},{"cas_registry_number":"68930-68-7","chemical_name":"frenolicin B","direct_evidence":"therapeutic","mesh_chemical_id":"C018066","pubmed":"22008701","source":"CTD"},{"cas_registry_number":"36167-63-2","chemical_name":"halofantrine","direct_evidence":"therapeutic","mesh_chemical_id":"C023768","pubmed":["15934850","17404338","8116811"],"source":"CTD"},{"cas_registry_number":"14875-96-8","chemical_name":"Heme","direct_evidence":"marker/mechanism","mesh_chemical_id":"D006418","pubmed":"19191707","source":"CTD"},{"chemical_name":"Hydrazones","direct_evidence":"therapeutic","mesh_chemical_id":"D006835","pubmed":"16640825","source":"CTD"},{"cas_registry_number":"118-42-3","chemical_name":"Hydroxychloroquine","direct_evidence":"therapeutic","mesh_chemical_id":"D006886","pubmed":["17202178","18061791"],"source":"CTD"},{"cas_registry_number":"50-49-7","chemical_name":"Imipramine","direct_evidence":"therapeutic","mesh_chemical_id":"D007099","pubmed":"23129054","source":"CTD"},{"chemical_name":"Insecticides","direct_evidence":"therapeutic","mesh_chemical_id":"D007306","pubmed":"20496583","source":"CTD"},{"chemical_name":"isodiospyrol A","direct_evidence":"therapeutic","mesh_chemical_id":"C517885","pubmed":"17191937","source":"CTD"},{"cas_registry_number":"34580-13-7","chemical_name":"Ketotifen","direct_evidence":"therapeutic","mesh_chemical_id":"D007665","pubmed":"23129054","source":"CTD"},{"cas_registry_number":"82186-77-4","chemical_name":"Lumefantrine","direct_evidence":"therapeutic","mesh_chemical_id":"D000078102","pubmed":["15934850","24561477"],"source":"CTD"},{"cas_registry_number":"37357-69-0","chemical_name":"Maloprim","direct_evidence":"therapeutic","mesh_chemical_id":"C001678","pubmed":"17160201","source":"CTD"},{"cas_registry_number":"53230-10-7","chemical_name":"Mefloquine","direct_evidence":"therapeutic","mesh_chemical_id":"D015767","pubmed":["10457122","11179947","11449039","12649241","12962582","16012293","17826578","20058779","2569094","2694482","7486482","7859199","7935106","7944858","8099690","8287786","8780466","9394947","9882160"],"source":"CTD"},{"cas_registry_number":"69191-18-0","chemical_name":"mefloquine-sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine","direct_evidence":"therapeutic","mesh_chemical_id":"C046846","pubmed":"2694482","source":"CTD"},{"chemical_name":"mururin A","direct_evidence":"therapeutic","mesh_chemical_id":"C464947","pubmed":"23354072","source":"CTD"},{"chemical_name":"palmarumycin JC2","direct_evidence":"therapeutic","mesh_chemical_id":"C495871","pubmed":"17191937","source":"CTD"},{"cas_registry_number":"18463-25-7","chemical_name":"poliothrysoside","direct_evidence":"therapeutic","mesh_chemical_id":"C477961","pubmed":"20457242","source":"CTD"},{"cas_registry_number":"90-34-6","chemical_name":"Primaquine","direct_evidence":"therapeutic","mesh_chemical_id":"D011319","pubmed":["11303037","19616568","20194698","26477383","4864652","6366489","7325735","9813483"],"source":"CTD"},{"cas_registry_number":"500-92-5","chemical_name":"Proguanil","direct_evidence":"therapeutic","mesh_chemical_id":"D002727","pubmed":["1124444","16256055","1888972","3651930","8099690"],"source":"CTD"},{"cas_registry_number":"438-60-8","chemical_name":"Protriptyline","direct_evidence":"therapeutic","mesh_chemical_id":"D011530","pubmed":"23129054","source":"CTD"},{"cas_registry_number":"58-14-0","chemical_name":"Pyrimethamine","direct_evidence":"therapeutic","mesh_chemical_id":"D011739","pubmed":["1124444","20193682","4776885"],"source":"CTD"},{"chemical_name":"Quinazolines","direct_evidence":"therapeutic","mesh_chemical_id":"D011799","pubmed":"2700414","source":"CTD"},{"cas_registry_number":"56-54-2","chemical_name":"Quinidine","direct_evidence":"therapeutic","mesh_chemical_id":"D011802","pubmed":"8957602","source":"CTD"},{"cas_registry_number":"130-95-0","chemical_name":"Quinine","direct_evidence":"therapeutic","mesh_chemical_id":"D011803","pubmed":["15107507","1796238","18717145","18807436","1896775","2406680","8116811","8619448","8957602"],"source":"CTD"},{"chemical_name":"Sulfonamides","direct_evidence":"therapeutic","mesh_chemical_id":"D013449","pubmed":"10740048","source":"CTD"},{"cas_registry_number":"58-22-0","chemical_name":"Testosterone","direct_evidence":"marker/mechanism","mesh_chemical_id":"D013739","pubmed":"15788153","source":"CTD"},{"cas_registry_number":"60-54-8","chemical_name":"Tetracycline","direct_evidence":"therapeutic","mesh_chemical_id":"D013752","pubmed":"8116811","source":"CTD"},{"chemical_name":"Triazoles","direct_evidence":"therapeutic","mesh_chemical_id":"D014230","pubmed":"21905228","source":"CTD"},{"cas_registry_number":"739-71-9","chemical_name":"Trimipramine","direct_evidence":"therapeutic","mesh_chemical_id":"D014299","pubmed":"23129054","source":"CTD"}],"mesh":"D008288","pathway_related_to_disease":[{"inference_gene_symbol":"G6PD","kegg_pathway_id":"hsa00030","pathway_name":"Pentose phosphate pathway","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"NOS2","kegg_pathway_id":"hsa00220","pathway_name":"Arginine biosynthesis","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"NOS2","kegg_pathway_id":"hsa00330","pathway_name":"Arginine and proline metabolism","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"G6PD","kegg_pathway_id":"hsa00480","pathway_name":"Glutathione metabolism","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":["G6PD","NOS2"],"kegg_pathway_id":"hsa01100","pathway_name":"Metabolic pathways","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"G6PD","kegg_pathway_id":"hsa01200","pathway_name":"Carbon metabolism","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"TNF","kegg_pathway_id":"hsa01523","pathway_name":"Antifolate resistance","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"CD36","kegg_pathway_id":"hsa03320","pathway_name":"PPAR signaling pathway","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"TNF","kegg_pathway_id":"hsa04010","pathway_name":"MAPK signaling pathway","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"EPHA2","kegg_pathway_id":"hsa04014","pathway_name":"Ras signaling pathway","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"EPHA2","kegg_pathway_id":"hsa04015","pathway_name":"Rap1 signaling pathway","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"NOS2","kegg_pathway_id":"hsa04020","pathway_name":"Calcium signaling pathway","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":["LTBR","TNF"],"kegg_pathway_id":"hsa04060","pathway_name":"Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":["ICAM1","LTBR","TIRAP","TNF"],"kegg_pathway_id":"hsa04064","pathway_name":"NF-kappa B signaling pathway","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":["LTBR","NOS2"],"kegg_pathway_id":"hsa04066","pathway_name":"HIF-1 signaling pathway","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"TNF","kegg_pathway_id":"hsa04071","pathway_name":"Sphingolipid signaling pathway","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"CD68","kegg_pathway_id":"hsa04142","pathway_name":"Lysosome","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":["CD36","FCGR2A","FCGR2B"],"kegg_pathway_id":"hsa04145","pathway_name":"Phagosome","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"NOS2","kegg_pathway_id":"hsa04146","pathway_name":"Peroxisome","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"TNF","kegg_pathway_id":"hsa04150","pathway_name":"mTOR signaling pathway","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"EPHA2","kegg_pathway_id":"hsa04151","pathway_name":"PI3K-Akt signaling pathway","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"CD36","kegg_pathway_id":"hsa04152","pathway_name":"AMPK signaling pathway","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"TNF","kegg_pathway_id":"hsa04210","pathway_name":"Apoptosis","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"TNF","kegg_pathway_id":"hsa04350","pathway_name":"TGF-beta signaling pathway","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"EPHA2","kegg_pathway_id":"hsa04360","pathway_name":"Axon guidance","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"NOS2","kegg_pathway_id":"hsa04371","pathway_name":"Apelin signaling pathway","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":["FCGR2A","FCGR2B","TNF"],"kegg_pathway_id":"hsa04380","pathway_name":"Osteoclast differentiation","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"CD36","kegg_pathway_id":"hsa04512","pathway_name":"ECM-receptor interaction","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"ICAM1","kegg_pathway_id":"hsa04514","pathway_name":"Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs)","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"CR1","kegg_pathway_id":"hsa04610","pathway_name":"Complement and coagulation cascades","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"FCGR2A","kegg_pathway_id":"hsa04611","pathway_name":"Platelet activation","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"TNF","kegg_pathway_id":"hsa04612","pathway_name":"Antigen processing and presentation","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":["TIRAP","TNF"],"kegg_pathway_id":"hsa04620","pathway_name":"Toll-like receptor signaling pathway","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"TNF","kegg_pathway_id":"hsa04621","pathway_name":"NOD-like receptor signaling pathway","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"TNF","kegg_pathway_id":"hsa04622","pathway_name":"RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathway","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"CISH","kegg_pathway_id":"hsa04630","pathway_name":"Jak-STAT signaling pathway","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":["CD36","CR1","GYPA","TNF"],"kegg_pathway_id":"hsa04640","pathway_name":"Hematopoietic cell lineage","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":["ICAM1","NCR3","TNF"],"kegg_pathway_id":"hsa04650","pathway_name":"Natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"TNF","kegg_pathway_id":"hsa04657","pathway_name":"IL-17 signaling pathway","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"TNF","kegg_pathway_id":"hsa04660","pathway_name":"T cell receptor signaling pathway","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"FCGR2B","kegg_pathway_id":"hsa04662","pathway_name":"B cell receptor signaling pathway","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"TNF","kegg_pathway_id":"hsa04664","pathway_name":"Fc epsilon RI signaling pathway","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":["FCGR2A","FCGR2B"],"kegg_pathway_id":"hsa04666","pathway_name":"Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":["ICAM1","TNF"],"kegg_pathway_id":"hsa04668","pathway_name":"TNF signaling pathway","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"ICAM1","kegg_pathway_id":"hsa04670","pathway_name":"Leukocyte transendothelial migration","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"LTBR","kegg_pathway_id":"hsa04672","pathway_name":"Intestinal immune network for IgA production","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"CISH","kegg_pathway_id":"hsa04917","pathway_name":"Prolactin signaling pathway","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":["CD36","TNF"],"kegg_pathway_id":"hsa04920","pathway_name":"Adipocytokine signaling pathway","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"TNF","kegg_pathway_id":"hsa04930","pathway_name":"Type II diabetes mellitus","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":["CD36","TNF"],"kegg_pathway_id":"hsa04931","pathway_name":"Insulin resistance","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"TNF","kegg_pathway_id":"hsa04932","pathway_name":"Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":["ICAM1","TNF"],"kegg_pathway_id":"hsa04933","pathway_name":"AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"TNF","kegg_pathway_id":"hsa04940","pathway_name":"Type I diabetes mellitus","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"SLC4A1","kegg_pathway_id":"hsa04966","pathway_name":"Collecting duct acid secretion","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"CD36","kegg_pathway_id":"hsa04975","pathway_name":"Fat digestion and absorption","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"TNF","kegg_pathway_id":"hsa05010","pathway_name":"Alzheimer's disease","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"TNF","kegg_pathway_id":"hsa05014","pathway_name":"Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"NOS2","kegg_pathway_id":"hsa05132","pathway_name":"Salmonella infection","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":["NOS2","TIRAP","TNF"],"kegg_pathway_id":"hsa05133","pathway_name":"Pertussis","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":["CR1","TNF"],"kegg_pathway_id":"hsa05134","pathway_name":"Legionellosis","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":["CR1","FCGR2A","NOS2","TNF"],"kegg_pathway_id":"hsa05140","pathway_name":"Leishmaniasis","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":["NOS2","TNF"],"kegg_pathway_id":"hsa05142","pathway_name":"Chagas disease (American trypanosomiasis)","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":["HBB","ICAM1","TNF"],"kegg_pathway_id":"hsa05143","pathway_name":"African trypanosomiasis","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":["ACKR1","CD36","CR1","GYPA","GYPB","GYPC","HBB","ICAM1","TNF"],"kegg_pathway_id":"hsa05144","pathway_name":"Malaria","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":["NOS2","TNF"],"kegg_pathway_id":"hsa05145","pathway_name":"Toxoplasmosis","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":["NOS2","TNF"],"kegg_pathway_id":"hsa05146","pathway_name":"Amoebiasis","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":["FCGR2A","FCGR2B","ICAM1"],"kegg_pathway_id":"hsa05150","pathway_name":"Staphylococcus aureus infection","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":["CR1","FCGR2A","FCGR2B","NOS2","TIRAP","TNF"],"kegg_pathway_id":"hsa05152","pathway_name":"Tuberculosis","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"TNF","kegg_pathway_id":"hsa05160","pathway_name":"Hepatitis C","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":["TIRAP","TNF"],"kegg_pathway_id":"hsa05161","pathway_name":"Hepatitis B","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"FCGR2B","kegg_pathway_id":"hsa05162","pathway_name":"Measles","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":["ICAM1","TNF"],"kegg_pathway_id":"hsa05164","pathway_name":"Influenza A","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":["ICAM1","LTBR","TNF"],"kegg_pathway_id":"hsa05166","pathway_name":"HTLV-I infection","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"TNF","kegg_pathway_id":"hsa05168","pathway_name":"Herpes simplex infection","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"ICAM1","kegg_pathway_id":"hsa05169","pathway_name":"Epstein-Barr virus infection","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"NOS2","kegg_pathway_id":"hsa05200","pathway_name":"Pathways in cancer","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"LTBR","kegg_pathway_id":"hsa05203","pathway_name":"Viral carcinogenesis","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"TNF","kegg_pathway_id":"hsa05205","pathway_name":"Proteoglycans in cancer","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"NOS2","kegg_pathway_id":"hsa05222","pathway_name":"Small cell lung cancer","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"G6PD","kegg_pathway_id":"hsa05230","pathway_name":"Central carbon metabolism in cancer","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"TNF","kegg_pathway_id":"hsa05310","pathway_name":"Asthma","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"TNF","kegg_pathway_id":"hsa05321","pathway_name":"Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":["FCGR2A","TNF"],"kegg_pathway_id":"hsa05322","pathway_name":"Systemic lupus erythematosus","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":["ICAM1","TNF"],"kegg_pathway_id":"hsa05323","pathway_name":"Rheumatoid arthritis","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"TNF","kegg_pathway_id":"hsa05330","pathway_name":"Allograft rejection","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"TNF","kegg_pathway_id":"hsa05332","pathway_name":"Graft-versus-host disease","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"TNF","kegg_pathway_id":"hsa05410","pathway_name":"Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM)","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"TNF","kegg_pathway_id":"hsa05414","pathway_name":"Dilated cardiomyopathy","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"ICAM1","kegg_pathway_id":"hsa05416","pathway_name":"Viral myocarditis","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":["ICAM1","TNF"],"kegg_pathway_id":"hsa05418","pathway_name":"Fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"G6PD","kegg_pathway_id":"hsa_M00004","pathway_name":"Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle)","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"G6PD","kegg_pathway_id":"hsa_M00006","pathway_name":"Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"CISH","kegg_pathway_id":"hsa_M00388","pathway_name":"ECS complex","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"CISH","kegg_pathway_id":"hsa_M00684","pathway_name":"JAK-STAT signaling","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":["CD36","GYPA","GYPB","GYPC","HBB","NOS2"],"pathway_name":"Hemostasis","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-109582","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"CD36","pathway_name":"Platelet degranulation","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-114608","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"NOS2","pathway_name":"ROS, RNS production in phagocytes","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-1222556","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"CD36","pathway_name":"Cross-presentation of particulate exogenous antigens (phagosomes)","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-1236973","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":["CD36","TIRAP"],"pathway_name":"ER-Phagosome pathway","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-1236974","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":["CD36","TIRAP"],"pathway_name":"Antigen processing-Cross presentation","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-1236975","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":["HBB","SLC4A1"],"pathway_name":"Erythrocytes take up carbon dioxide and release oxygen","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-1237044","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":["HBB","SLC4A1"],"pathway_name":"Erythrocytes take up oxygen and release carbon dioxide","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-1247673","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":["CD36","EPHA2","TNF"],"pathway_name":"Developmental Biology","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-1266738","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":["CD36","CISH","ICAM1","LTBR","NOS2","TNF"],"pathway_name":"Cytokine Signaling in Immune system","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-1280215","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":["CD36","FCGR2B","ICAM1","NCR3","TIRAP"],"pathway_name":"Adaptive Immune System","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-1280218","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":["CD36","G6PD","HBB","SLC4A1"],"pathway_name":"Metabolism","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-1430728","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"ICAM1","pathway_name":"Extracellular matrix organization","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-1474244","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":["HBB","SLC4A1"],"pathway_name":"O2/CO2 exchange in erythrocytes","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-1480926","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":["ACKR1","TNF"],"pathway_name":"Signal Transduction","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-162582","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":["CD36","TIRAP"],"pathway_name":"Disease","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-1643685","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":["CD36","TIRAP"],"pathway_name":"Toll Like Receptor 4 (TLR4) Cascade","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-166016","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":["CD36","TIRAP"],"pathway_name":"Activated TLR4 signalling","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-166054","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":["CD36","TIRAP"],"pathway_name":"MyD88:Mal cascade initiated on plasma membrane","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-166058","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":["CR1","CRP"],"pathway_name":"Complement cascade","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-166658","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"CRP","pathway_name":"Initial triggering of complement","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-166663","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"CRP","pathway_name":"Creation of C4 and C2 activators","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-166786","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":["CD36","TIRAP"],"pathway_name":"Toll Like Receptor TLR1:TLR2 Cascade","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-168179","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":["CD36","TIRAP"],"pathway_name":"Toll Like Receptor TLR6:TLR2 Cascade","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-168188","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":["CD36","CD68","CR1","CRP","FCGR2A","HBB","HP","NOS2","TIRAP"],"pathway_name":"Innate Immune System","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-168249","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":["CD36","CD68","CISH","CR1","CRP","FCGR2A","FCGR2B","HBB","HP","ICAM1","LTBR","NCR3","NOS2","TIRAP","TNF"],"pathway_name":"Immune System","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-168256","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":["CD36","TIRAP"],"pathway_name":"Toll-Like Receptors Cascades","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-168898","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"CRP","pathway_name":"Classical antibody-mediated complement activation","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-173623","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":["CD36","TIRAP"],"pathway_name":"Toll Like Receptor 2 (TLR2) Cascade","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-181438","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":["FCGR2B","ICAM1","NCR3"],"pathway_name":"Immunoregulatory interactions between a Lymphoid and a non-Lymphoid cell","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-198933","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"CD36","pathway_name":"PPARA activates gene expression","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-1989781","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":["GYPA","GYPB","GYPC"],"pathway_name":"Cell surface interactions at the vascular wall","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-202733","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"FCGR2A","pathway_name":"Fcgamma receptor (FCGR) dependent phagocytosis","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-2029480","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"FCGR2A","pathway_name":"FCGR activation","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-2029481","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"FCGR2A","pathway_name":"Regulation of actin dynamics for phagocytic cup formation","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-2029482","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"FCGR2A","pathway_name":"Role of phospholipids in phagocytosis","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-2029485","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"G6PD","pathway_name":"Generic Transcription Pathway","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-212436","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"ICAM1","pathway_name":"Integrin cell surface interactions","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-216083","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":["HBB","HP"],"pathway_name":"Scavenging of heme from plasma","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-2168880","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":["CD36","HBB","HP"],"pathway_name":"Binding and Uptake of Ligands by Scavenger Receptors","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-2173782","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"EPHA2","pathway_name":"EPH-Ephrin signaling","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-2682334","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"CD36","pathway_name":"Scavenging by Class B Receptors","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-3000471","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"G6PD","pathway_name":"Transcriptional Regulation by TP53","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-3700989","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"ACKR1","pathway_name":"Signaling by GPCR","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-372790","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"ACKR1","pathway_name":"Class A/1 (Rhodopsin-like receptors)","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-373076","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"ACKR1","pathway_name":"Peptide ligand-binding receptors","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-375276","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":["CD36","TNF"],"pathway_name":"Transcriptional regulation of white adipocyte differentiation","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-381340","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"SLC4A1","pathway_name":"Transmembrane transport of small molecules","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-382551","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"NOS2","pathway_name":"Nitric oxide stimulates guanylate cyclase","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-392154","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"EPHA2","pathway_name":"EPHA-mediated growth cone collapse","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-3928663","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"EPHA2","pathway_name":"EPH-ephrin mediated repulsion of cells","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-3928665","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"CD36","pathway_name":"Regulation of lipid metabolism by Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha)","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-400206","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"NOS2","pathway_name":"Platelet homeostasis","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-418346","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"EPHA2","pathway_name":"Axon guidance","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-422475","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"SLC4A1","pathway_name":"Bicarbonate transporters","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-425381","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"SLC4A1","pathway_name":"Transport of inorganic cations/anions and amino acids/oligopeptides","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-425393","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"SLC4A1","pathway_name":"SLC-mediated transmembrane transport","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-425407","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":["CD36","ICAM1","NOS2","TNF"],"pathway_name":"Signaling by Interleukins","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-449147","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"ACKR1","pathway_name":"GPCR ligand binding","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-500792","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":["CD36","TIRAP"],"pathway_name":"Diseases of Immune System","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-5260271","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"CD36","pathway_name":"Fatty acid, triacylglycerol, and ketone body metabolism","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-535734","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"TNF","pathway_name":"TNFR1-induced proapoptotic signaling","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-5357786","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"TNF","pathway_name":"Regulation of TNFR1 signaling","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-5357905","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"TNF","pathway_name":"TNFR1-induced NFkappaB signaling pathway","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-5357956","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"CD36","pathway_name":"Metabolism of lipids and lipoproteins","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-556833","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":["CD36","TIRAP"],"pathway_name":"Diseases associated with the TLR signaling cascade","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-5602358","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":["CD36","TIRAP"],"pathway_name":"MyD88 deficiency (TLR2/4)","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-5602498","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":["CD36","TIRAP"],"pathway_name":"IRAK4 deficiency (TLR2/4)","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-5603041","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"TNF","pathway_name":"TNFR1-mediated ceramide production","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-5626978","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"G6PD","pathway_name":"TP53 Regulates Metabolic Genes","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-5628897","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":["CD36","HBB","HP"],"pathway_name":"Vesicle-mediated transport","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-5653656","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":["LTBR","TNF"],"pathway_name":"TNFR2 non-canonical NF-kB pathway","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-5668541","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"LTBR","pathway_name":"TNF receptor superfamily (TNFSF) members mediating non-canonical NF-kB pathway","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-5676594","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"CD36","pathway_name":"Regulation of TLR by endogenous ligand","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-5686938","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":["ICAM1","TNF"],"pathway_name":"Interleukin-10 signaling","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-6783783","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":["CD36","ICAM1","NOS2","TNF"],"pathway_name":"Interleukin-4 and 13 signaling","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-6785807","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":["CD36","CD68","CR1","FCGR2A","HBB","HP"],"pathway_name":"Neutrophil degranulation","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-6798695","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"G6PD","pathway_name":"Pentose phosphate pathway (hexose monophosphate shunt)","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-71336","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"G6PD","pathway_name":"Metabolism of carbohydrates","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-71387","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"TNF","pathway_name":"Death Receptor Signalling","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-73887","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"G6PD","pathway_name":"Gene Expression","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-74160","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"TNF","pathway_name":"TNF signaling","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-75893","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"CD36","pathway_name":"Platelet activation, signaling and aggregation","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-76002","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"CD36","pathway_name":"Response to elevated platelet cytosolic Ca2+","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-76005","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"ICAM1","pathway_name":"Interferon gamma signaling","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-877300","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"ICAM1","pathway_name":"Interferon Signaling","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-913531","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"CR1","pathway_name":"Regulation of Complement cascade","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-977606","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"CISH","pathway_name":"Growth hormone receptor signaling","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-982772","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":["CD36","TIRAP"],"pathway_name":"Class I MHC mediated antigen processing & presentation","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-983169","source":"CTD"},{"inference_gene_symbol":"HBB","pathway_name":"Factors involved in megakaryocyte development and platelet production","react_pathway_id":"R-HSA-983231","source":"CTD"}]},"disease_ontology":{"_license":"https://github.com/DiseaseOntology/HumanDiseaseOntology/blob/master/DO_LICENSE.txt","ancestors":["DOID:2789","DOID:1398","DOID:0050117","DOID:4"],"children":["DOID:12919","DOID:12978","DOID:14067","DOID:14068","DOID:14069","DOID:14324","DOID:14325"],"def":"\"A parasitic protozoa infectious disease characterized as a vector-borne infectious disease caused by the presence of protozoan parasites of the genus Plasmodium in the red blood cells, transmitted from an infected to an uninfected individual by the bite of anopheline mosquitoes, and characterized by periodic attacks of chills and fever that coincide with mass destruction of blood cells and the release of toxic substances by the parasite at the end of each reproductive cycle.\" [url:http\\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaria, url:https\\://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/malaria#medicalDictionary]","descendants":["DOID:14069","DOID:12978","DOID:14067","DOID:12919","DOID:14068","DOID:14325","DOID:14324"],"doid":"DOID:12365","name":"malaria","parents":["DOID:2789"],"synonyms":{"exact":["induced malaria"]},"xrefs":{"efo":"0001068","gard":"6961","icd10":"B54","icd9":"084","mesh":"D008288","ncit":"C34797","ordo":"673","snomedct_us_2025_09_01":"154374002","umls_cui":"C0024530"}},"hpo":{"disease_name":"Malaria","orphanet":"673","phenotype_related_to_disease":[{"biocuration":{"date":"2026-06-23","name":"ORPHA:orphadata"},"evidence":"TAS","hp_freq":"HP:0040281","hpo_id":"HP:0001903","orphanet_refs":"orphanet:673"},{"biocuration":{"date":"2026-06-23","name":"ORPHA:orphadata"},"evidence":"TAS","hp_freq":"HP:0040281","hpo_id":"HP:0001919","orphanet_refs":"orphanet:673"},{"biocuration":{"date":"2026-06-23","name":"ORPHA:orphadata"},"evidence":"TAS","hp_freq":"HP:0040281","hpo_id":"HP:0001945","orphanet_refs":"orphanet:673"},{"biocuration":{"date":"2026-06-23","name":"ORPHA:orphadata"},"evidence":"TAS","hp_freq":"HP:0040281","hpo_id":"HP:0002011","orphanet_refs":"orphanet:673"},{"biocuration":{"date":"2026-06-23","name":"ORPHA:orphadata"},"evidence":"TAS","hp_freq":"HP:0040281","hpo_id":"HP:0002017","orphanet_refs":"orphanet:673"},{"biocuration":{"date":"2026-06-23","name":"ORPHA:orphadata"},"evidence":"TAS","hp_freq":"HP:0040281","hpo_id":"HP:0002315","orphanet_refs":"orphanet:673"},{"biocuration":{"date":"2026-06-23","name":"ORPHA:orphadata"},"evidence":"TAS","hp_freq":"HP:0040281","hpo_id":"HP:0011227","orphanet_refs":"orphanet:673"},{"biocuration":{"date":"2026-06-23","name":"ORPHA:orphadata"},"evidence":"TAS","hp_freq":"HP:0040282","hpo_id":"HP:0001871","orphanet_refs":"orphanet:673"},{"biocuration":{"date":"2026-06-23","name":"ORPHA:orphadata"},"evidence":"TAS","hp_freq":"HP:0040282","hpo_id":"HP:0001873","orphanet_refs":"orphanet:673"},{"biocuration":{"date":"2026-06-23","name":"ORPHA:orphadata"},"evidence":"TAS","hp_freq":"HP:0040282","hpo_id":"HP:0002098","orphanet_refs":"orphanet:673"},{"biocuration":{"date":"2026-06-23","name":"ORPHA:orphadata"},"evidence":"TAS","hp_freq":"HP:0040282","hpo_id":"HP:0002141","orphanet_refs":"orphanet:673"},{"biocuration":{"date":"2026-06-23","name":"ORPHA:orphadata"},"evidence":"TAS","hp_freq":"HP:0040282","hpo_id":"HP:0002904","orphanet_refs":"orphanet:673"},{"biocuration":{"date":"2026-06-23","name":"ORPHA:orphadata"},"evidence":"TAS","hp_freq":"HP:0040282","hpo_id":"HP:0003326","orphanet_refs":"orphanet:673"},{"biocuration":{"date":"2026-06-23","name":"ORPHA:orphadata"},"evidence":"TAS","hp_freq":"HP:0040282","hpo_id":"HP:0004372","orphanet_refs":"orphanet:673"},{"biocuration":{"date":"2026-06-23","name":"ORPHA:orphadata"},"evidence":"TAS","hp_freq":"HP:0040282","hpo_id":"HP:0100543","orphanet_refs":"orphanet:673"},{"biocuration":{"date":"2026-06-23","name":"ORPHA:orphadata"},"evidence":"TAS","hp_freq":"HP:0040283","hpo_id":"HP:0000488","orphanet_refs":"orphanet:673"}]},"mondo":{"ancestors":["MONDO:0002428","MONDO:0700096","MONDO:0005135","MONDO:0044347","MONDO:0000001","MONDO:7770010","MONDO:7770008","MONDO:7770006","MONDO:0005550","MONDO:0100120","MONDO:0005570"],"children":["MONDO:0001601","MONDO:0001943","MONDO:0001944","MONDO:0005625","MONDO:0005670","MONDO:0005920","MONDO:0005921"],"definition":"Malaria is a serious and sometimes fatal disease caused by a parasite that commonly infects a certain type of mosquito which feeds on humans. Infection with malaria parasites may result in a wide variety of symptoms, ranging from absent or very mild symptoms to severe disease and even death. People who get malaria are typically very sick with high fevers, shaking chills, and flu-like illness. In general, malaria is a curable disease if diagnosed and treated promptly and correctly.Treatment depends on many factors including disease severity, the species of malaria parasite causing the infection and the part of the world in which the infection was acquired. [https://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/diseases/6961/malaria]","descendants":["MONDO:0005920","MONDO:0005921","MONDO:0005670","MONDO:0001943","MONDO:0001944","MONDO:0001601","MONDO:0005625"],"disease_has_feature":{"hp":["HP:0001903"],"mondo":["MONDO:0002280"]},"disease_has_infectious_agent":{"ncbitaxon":["NCBITaxon:5820"]},"label":"malaria","mondo":"MONDO:0005136","parents":["MONDO:0002428","MONDO:0044347","MONDO:0100120"],"xrefs":{"doid":["DOID:12365"],"efo":["EFO:0001068"],"gard":["0006961"],"icd10cm":["B53"],"icd11":["foundation:1439886552"],"icd9":["084","084.6"],"meddra":["10025487"],"medgen":["7443"],"mesh":["D008288"],"ncit":["C34797"],"orphanet":["673"],"sctid":["61462000"],"umls":["C0024530"]}},"original_id":"orphanet:673","umls":{"_license":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/research/umls/knowledge_sources/metathesaurus/release/license_agreement.html","icd10":{"non-preferred":"B54"},"icd10am":{"non-preferred":"B54"},"icd10cm":{"non-preferred":"B54"},"icd9cm":{"non-preferred":"084.6","preferred":["084","084.6"]},"mesh":{"non-preferred":"D008288","preferred":"D008288"},"nci":{"preferred":"C34797"},"snomed":{"non-preferred":["105649009","186797008","61462000","248437004","187510004","154374002"],"preferred":["154374002","61462000"]},"umls":"C0024530"}}